Kepler, the first modern physical scientist, created the science of astrophysics. He freed science from the geometric-mathematical approach inherited from Aristotle and Ptolemy, and demonstrated that by incorporating the ironies between the harmonies of vision and hearing, the solar system, as a system, could be understood as governed by a universal principle of gravitation. The LYM presentations on the two major works of Kepler, his Astronomia Nova and Harmonice Mundi, were plagiarized in an act of epistemological warfare. LPAC produced a video, the Harvard Yard 
, to relate their understanding of Kepler and the circumstances around the plagiarism. 
Fermat, the unique discoverer of the principle of least-time in his study of the propagation of light, dealt devastating (and quite funny) blows to the infectious agent known as Descartes. Although he did much work in the fields of what are now known as arithmetic (in the style of Gauss’s Disquisitiones Arithmeticae), probability (in collaboration with Blaise Pascal), and the development of the differential calculus, his work on light’s least-time propagation was most crucial in the development of the concept of a universal. The complete works and correspondance of Fermat on light have been translated as a book, and a website containing more translations (but little commentary) has been created. 
– Fermat’s complete correspondance on light
Leibniz, the inventor of the physical infinitesimal calculus, the developer of the science of dynamics, and the creator of the science of physical economy, played a key role in Lyndon LaRouche's early intellectual development. Although the LYM has not produced much specifically on Leibniz, the Sufficient Harmony report from the Gauss group re-approaches Kepler from the standpoint of Leibniz while looking forward to Gauss. LaRouche's recent paper My Early Encounter with Leibniz: On Monadology discussed the impact of Leibniz on his thinking.
Karl Gauss
Universally considered a genius and called the “Prince of Mathematics,” Gauss’s actual thinking process is remarkably obscured, both by academia and by Gauss’s own fear of the intellectual oppression of his day. Although his doctoral dissertation of 1799, written in a penetrating and polemical style, frankly expressed his search for true principles lying beyond mathematical formulations and empirical sense-perceptions, Gauss went underground as Napoléon took over Germany and the Congress of Vienna reaffirmed oligarchical rule in Europe. Following the work of the Kepler basement groups, a Gauss basement group was convened, to come to know Gauss’s mind, with the specific focus of discovering how Gauss determined the orbit of the asteroid Ceres. The website the team created has quite a bit of content: on the history of Gauss, his work on higher arithmetic, bi-quadratic residues, and his discovery of the orbit of Ceres. Continuing work by the Gauss team on Gauss’s application of the concept of the tensor is covered elsewhere, on the Tensor page.
The life of the revolutionary genius Bernhard Riemann was short (only 40 years), but his discoveries were profound. Putting aside a religious career to study mathematics, Riemann’s habilitation dissertation, written in 1854 to become a professor, was later the inspiration for Lyndon LaRouche’s development of what he has termed the LaRouche-Riemann method of economic analysis. This work, continuing the tradition of Kepler, Fermat, and Leibniz (vocally), and Gauss (implicitly), shatters any faith in a naïve sense-perceptual view of the universe, sealing Euclid’s coffin for good. With Riemann, a truthful geometry cannot be found in the department of mathematics, but in the department of physics. This new approach to geometry was adopted by Einstein and supported by Vernadsky. Further development can be found on the Tensor page.